If you got a DVD and need to make some copies to send over to some clients over in the UK, here are some of the things to consider:

- Decide whether or not to make a PAL DVD master. Consider this: the majority of PAL players will play NTSC discs, you will probably be able to get by without a PAL master if the quantities you are distributing is small. However, if you are planning a considerable amount of copies distributing to overseas, creating a PAL master will give you a highest possible compatibility.

- Make sure the DVD is region free or in the region that you are distributing to. Region codes is a way that studios control releases in different regions. In the US we are region 1, therefore, if the DVD is set at region 1, it cannot be played in Asia, or Europe. If you are not sure, ask for a region-free master, which means it will play anywhere in the world.

PAL and NTSC are television standards that are used in different parts of the world. United States is a NTSC country while most of Europe and Asia are in PAL. What does that really mean? Well if you bring a DVD or tape from overseas, chances are it will not play in the US. The reason is NTSC DVD players are not compatible with PAL discs. You will need to convert the footage from PAL to NTSC in order to view it. On a contrary, most PAL DVD players in Europe or Asia play NTSC discs, so if you need to send someone overseas a DVD there is usually no need to convert to PAL.

One important note is that all computer-based (PC and MAC) DVD players will play both PAL and NTSC discs. If you are QC’ing a disc on a computer, you won’t know whether it is NTSC or PAL because it will play both! ALWAYS QC your work on both computer and set-top DVD player.

In the world of DVDs, there are many coexistent formats and standards. Here we highlight a few of the most frequently asked questions:

What is a DVD-R and DVD+R?
They are two main formats in DVD recordable technology. DVD-R came out first so it would appear that it has a greater compatibility among DVD players. DVD+R is quickly catching up and it has a similar compatibility. There is no main difference between the two formats, and most computer DVD burners are capable of burning both formats.

Is it true that a recordable DVD must be all region?
Yes. A DVD made with a computer DVD burner or a home recording device will be played in all DVD players all over the world. If region code is a must for your project, DLT tapes should be submitted as replication masters.

NTSC vs PAL
The video on DVD discs is formatted for one of the two mutually incompatible television systems, NTSC or PAL. NTSC is primarily used in United States, Mexico, Canada and Japan. PAL format is used in Europe and the rest of Asia. Most NTSC players do not play PAL discs. However, almost all DVD players in PAL countries will play both formats. If you have a project that will be distributed globally, make sure to consider these different formats.

One thing to note is that a computer DVD player will both NTSC and PAL formats.
If the budget allows, the optimal solution of course is to produce both NTSC and PAL versions. However, if one has to choose between the two formats, NTSC is probably the winning choice because of its wider acceptance among DVD players globally.

For those who prefer to have both NTSC and PAL versions of the video, there are two options: create 2 single layered discs or create 1 dual-sided disc. It is not possible to have both NTSC and PAL on the same disc because the DVD-Video specification disallow it.

DVD recordables vs Replicated DVD
The main difference between the two types of DVDs is the methods behind. DVD recordables are copied with lasers on DVD burners. Replicated discs are made with glass master and molded. For more information see our previous article on replication.

DVD recordables work best for projects that require lower quantity, i.e., below 1000 pieces. It takes less time to finish however the cost per disc is significantly higher than replication. Replication is cost effective for a larger quantity, i.e., 1000 and up. The process is more reliable and controlled for higher quantity. Production time takes longer but cost per disc is much lower and printing quality surpasses DVD recordables.